Angelo Vertti, 18 de setembro de 2022

The other parent might be A. canadensis, which it resembles in the shape of its leaves, and the erect-spreading posture of the sepals of the fruits, and from which it may derive the hairiness of the young leaves and inflorescences. wide. An amelanchier is a hardy small tree or shrub, mostly from North America, and they are sometimes called shadbush, June service berry or snowy mespilus. We use cookies on this website, you can read about them here. In Western Europe, Amelanchier lamarckii with root balls can generally be planted from mid-November to late April, although this depends strongly on the climatic conditions and the species of tree. Becoming a contributing member of Gardenia is easy and can be done in just a few minutes. Plants will perform best on a slightly acid soil. The fine branching pattern makes the silhouette stand out in winter. If you decide to plant out from a container in spring be extra vigilant, taking care to water your Amelanchier frequently to help it get established. Your tree still needs to be able to sway in the wind as this helps to establish and strengthen the root system that will keep it anchored in the future. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. Attractive to bees and other pollinators, they are followed by abundant, edible, dark purple berries in summer. form a strategic partnership called N.C. Young twigs shaggy with white hairs at first, soon glabrous. You should expect about 30-40cm of growth each year in ideal conditions. Save 9.99, 79.98 cv. Bees are attracted to the flowers. Winter hardiness is a genetic characteristic and is not influenced by the location in which the plant is cultivated. In mid-spring, abundant sprays of small, slightly fragrant, white flowers emerge as the leaves unfurl. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Fruit a red to dark purple-black berry, soon eaten by birds, Become an RHS Member today and save 25% on your first year, Northfacing or Westfacing or Southfacing or Eastfacing, All ratings refer to the UK growing conditions unless otherwise stated. To use the website as intended please Host plant for Red-Spotted Purple and Viceroy butterflies. When they emerge, the oval leaves have adeep bronze colour and turn dark green later. In the wild, it may grow up to 40 feet tall. The height and spread of the plant delivered will vary depending on the season, meaning arrival images are an indication only. long. This said though, theyll do well in other types of soil too, just make sure to avoid soil with lime as this tree prefers acidic to neutral pH levels. . It should be added, to avoid further confusion, that the name A. grandiflora was applied by Wiegand to a quite different amelanchier, a relative of A. sanguinea (q.v.). From A. arborea it differs in the coloured young foliage, the larger flowers and juicy fruits. See further below, under A. intermedia. They are greyish green underneath, first with hair and later bare. . Amelanchier lamarckii in Sheffield Park Garden, East Sussex, England April 2018. . Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. The June berry naturally forms a wide-growing shrub, but it is also cultivated as an umbrella-shaped, multi-stem tree or as a small to medium-sized standard tree. It could hardly have attained even this small range unless it had been introduced much earlier in the century, and there is nothing inherently unlikely in Schroeders suggestion that the amelanchier described by Lamarck in 1783 from a plant cultivated in Paris and named by him Crataegus racemosa is really A. lamarckii. Produces trusses of flowers 6-12cm (2-5in) long. He holds the Royal Horticultural Societys Master of Horticulture award and has a particular interest in horticultural ecology and naturalistic planting for habitat and climate resilience. The leaves of A. lamarckii are never, or at least very rarely, ovate as in A. Height: 6 - 9 m Crown: vase-shaped, half-open crown, capricious growing Leaf: broad oval, dark green, 3 - 7 cm Flowers: white in somewhat upright clusters, April Autumn colour: yellow, red Download PDF View more specifications Clear stem (2) Multi-stem (10) Half stem (3) View cart Add to cart Amelanchier lamarckii Average Height. A favoured habitat is in open woodland of oak, birch and pine, on sandy, acid soils, and it will even flourish where the ground is very peaty and water-logged in winter. Finely-toothed, elliptic to oblong leaves (to 3 long) emerge bronze-purple in spring, mature to dark green in summer and turn red-orange in fall.Genus name comes from a French provincial name for Amelanchier ovalis a European plant in this genus.Species name honors Jean Baptiste Antoine Monet de Lamarck, 18th century French naturalist. The edible berries appear at the end of the summer, are bluish black and frosted. Whether A. lamarckii arose in Europe or came from eastern North America in its present form it is impossible to say. There are no active references in this article. We aim to enrich everyones life through plants, and make the UK a greener and more beautiful place. Amelanchier Lamarckii Tree View larger image Return To Get A Delivery Price: 1. National Council for the Conservation of Plants and Gardens. Its okay to stake young A. lamarckii trees, but remember not to tie the stakes too tight. USA: AL , CT , DC , DE , GA , IA , IL , IN , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Amelanchier trees are large specimen trees, with an attractive open habit. Popular in Europe, award-winning Amelanchier lamarckii (Juneberry) is a large upright deciduous shrub or small tree of open habit with rich bronze-red young leaves. Naturf. Attractive understory tree for lawns, shrub borders, woodland margins or native plant areas. Amelanchier lamarckii. Height x spread: 4m x 3m . All the knowledge.Almost all of the trees. Read more, T: +31 (0) 413 - 480 480 Nevertheless, this serviceberry is a deciduous, understory tree or tall shrub that typically grows 15-25 tall. 2023 Thompson & Morgan. 2023 TKO DIGITAL LTD | Company Registered in England and Wales No. Fruits are eaten by songbirds, ruffed grouse, small mammals, and large mammals. Amelanchier lamarckii. If you prefer a small tree, prune it to create a central leader to serve as the main trunk. It flowers best in part sun to part shade but tolerates shade. Amelanchier are known for their amazing autumn colour, which is even more enhanced in a sunny border. Want to share your tree knowledge? A plant's winter hardiness is the coldest area in which it is frost-resistant. Amelanchier lamarckii bole n Sheffield Park Garden, East Sussex, England April 2018. While every effort has been made to describe these plants accurately, please keep in mind that height, bloom time, and color may differ in various climates. Give the Amelanchier lamarckii an environment in humous soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH value and in the sun for the best bloom, fruit production and autumn colours. Colin is a Horticulturist and Horticultural Consultant with experience in a range of practical and managerial roles across heritage, commercial and public horticulture. You can choose a new password using the link. On mature trees it splits and furrows becoming rough. Lightly fragrant loose clusters of white flowers appear before the leaves; Edible red berries ripen to dark purplish-black in June; . Amelanchier lamarckii (June berry) originated in the north-east of North America. A. intermedia Spach This was described in 1834 from an amelanchier grown in France and said to be not uncommon in gardens there. ovalis, but almost certainly came originally from a continental nursery. Purplish in spring, the leaves turn deep green in summer and brilliant red, yellow or orange in the fall. Amelanchier lamarckii can eventually reach a height of 6 - 9 m, depending on the site and climate conditions. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. 222879 / SC038262, Join the RHS today and support our charity, Free entry to RHS members at selected Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Purple-pink berries join the medley of colour in summer and these, called juneberries or serviceberries, are edible!2Wong, J. In the wild, it may grow up to 40 feet tall. In fact they differ substantially. Spach sent a flowering specimen to the American botanist Asa Gray, which was preserved in the Gray Herbarium. Juneberry (Amelanchier lamarckii) . It is one of the first shrubs to flower in the spring, just before the dogwoods. Can be grown as a free-standing specimen tree or trained as a hedge. What autumn color will Amelanchier lamarckii get? When grown in containers, it will reach a much smaller maximum height. It is very likely that the A. Use our interactive toolsto design your dream garden. Bear in mind that not accepting cookies will mean that part of the functionality of this website may not be available. When choosing trees for small gardens, it's important to do your research. Choosing a spot with good amounts of sunshine will lead to a more vibrant autumnal colour palette. In spring, 5-petaled, white flowers are borne on 4-inch racemes that are quite showy and are followed by purple edible berriesthat mature in June. 49.99 E: info@vdberk.com To create additional collections, you must be a paid member of our site. The original plant was received at the Boskoop Experimental Station in 1970 from Messrs Hillier under the erroneous name of A. A. arborea A. laevis has been suggested, but this is most unlikely (see below, under A. F: +31 (0) 413 - 480 490 The top level of the soil should be level with the rest of the bed, and you should water right away. (n.d.). To use the website as intended please It has been suggested that it is a cultivar of A. lamarckii, but it is impossible to accept this conclusion. The description of these plants has been written based on numerous outside resources. . In mid-spring, compact clusters of fragrant, white flowers emerge just before the leaves. wide. Pay 26 every 6 issues and receive a Darlac bundle plus gardening guide, worth 49.97 Discover 20 of the best trees to grow in a small garden, for flowers, fruit and foliage. Accept Propagate by seed and semi-hardwood cuttings. It will thrive there thanks to its genetic characteristics. You can also fully rejuvenate the tree by pruning out 1/3 of the oldest branches every year for 3 years.. The fruits are also much liked by blackbirds and thrushes, which take them before they are fully ripe, when the seeds are fortunately already viable. Pedicels and rachis hairy at first, the lowermost of the former 34 to 1 in. Amelanchier lamarckii From being a shrub it grows to become a small tree. Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device. Season of interest Height and spread Metric | Imperial Where to grow Soil type In early spring, its white starry flowers smother the branches before the coppery foliage appears. This variety is particularly well suited as a specimen tree, due to its upright growth and a height of up to four metres. wide, hairy beneath when quite young, soon glabrous, finely toothed, with about twelve to twenty teeth per inch on each side (leaves on sterile shoots more coarsely toothed); petioles 38 to 12 in. Clusters of white, rose-like flowers, each with five widely-spaced narrow petals, cover the shrub from base to tip of each branch until early summer. Although generally considered to be a distinct North American species, some experts believe it to be a naturally occurring hybrid that comes true from seed and designate it as A. x lamarckii. No serious insect or disease problems. You can prune out the oldest stems to keep the size of the tree limited, which also limits the shade underneath and increases the plantingopportunities. It resembles A. laevis in its tinted young leaves, which are hairy beneath when young, and the flowers are more numerous in each raceme, on shorter perdicels. Height: 10m Spread: 6m Hardy Attractive to wildlife Autumn colour Flower colour: Foliage colour: Position Soil Amelanchier lamarckii is a beautiful, small, North American tree offering year-round interest, even in winter when its spreading crown of fine shoots makes a satisfying, dense, shrubby shape. Hardiness: Hardy Birds love them. The buds are long and pointed, with scales that have reddish-yellow to reddish-green margins and usually have some hair. A versatile small sized tree with a softly arching, sometimes spreading habit. Plant height and spread is seasonal therefore we list by pot size rather than a defined plant size. Amelanchier is valued for its subtle blossom in spring, its light dappled shade in summer, and its attractive autumn tints. Height: 10-12 ft. (3-3.6 m) 12-15 ft. (3.6-4.7 m) 15-20 ft. (4.7-6 m) 20-30 ft. (6-9 m) Spacing: 24-36 in. Attractive to pollinators, they are followed by small, round, edible, red to dark purple-black berries in early summer. Read our Commitment to Diversity | Read our Privacy Statement. E: geldern@vdberk.de The species gets its name from the French biologist and naturalist Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck, who first described the shrub in 1783. Amelanchier trees have it all: masses of spring blossom, autumn colour, and even edible fruits, which are also attractive to birds. This versatility makes it a popular choice for a range of gardeners. Bark: Smooth silver grey Flower: White spring flowers Fruit: Small red/black berries in mid summer Habit: Funnel shaped crown Amelanchier lamarckii info sheet Twigs are slender and flexible, reddish-brown with fine hair. Height: 1000cm When in bloom, the leaves bud a warm bronze-red, to later turn green with a grey-green underside. Amelanchier, also known as Snowy Mespilus, is a tree grown for its glorious spring blossom, which is white, but almost appears pink alongside the bronze coloured, young foliage. In summer, the leaves turn mid-green before a fiery autumnal display of reds, purples and oranges. We use cookies on this website, you can read about them here. Spread: 4m (13'). A. botryapium lanceolata Hort. Amelanchier lamarckii is of unknown origin. grandiflora; certainly it agrees very well with it, judging from a young plant kindly supplied by Mr Harry van de Laar. Save 9.99, 70 Litres + 210g Pack Of Incredibloom - 14.99, Plant Size Height Up to 1000cm (393.7in)Spread Up to 1200cm (472.4in). it contains a single species, amelanchier lamarckii, which is native to europe, northwest africa, and southwest asia. Insects, Diseases and Other Plant Problems: Leaf miners, borers, aphids, and spider mites are insects that may affect the plant. Resembling blueberries, they are often used in pies and are appreciated by both birds and humans. How you will receive your plants: 17, pp. It has white flowers that are starshaped. 10866260 | This website uses cookies. Divided into 3 groups these lists, linked below, are maintained by a team of RHS staff and are reviewed annually. 6334 (1968); Watsonia, Vol. . Size Providing multi-season interest, Amelanchier stolonifera (Running Serviceberry) is a deciduous, early-flowering, stoloniferous shrub boasting showy upright clusters of 5-petaled, white flowers in spring, as the leaves are expanding. Amelanchier lamarkii Multistem Trees | Form Plants Pick easy-to-grow multi-stemmed Snowy mespilus (Amelanchier lamarckii) for flowers and autumn colour. With a newly-planted tree, water a couple of times a week to help it get established. The bark and branches have a striking grey colour in the winter. They will tolerate drought conditions for a length of time, but you should still take care to water as and when they need to keep them healthy. Of the hybrid theorists, some claim the parentage to be A. canadensis x A. laevis, whereas others assert the parentage to be A. arborea x A. laevis and find synonymity with A. x grandiflora. nud. Popular in Europe, award-winning Amelanchier lamarckii (Juneberry) is a large upright deciduous shrub or small tree of open habit with rich bronze-red young leaves. E: info@vdberk.co.uk Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. Otherwise both plants feature showy, 5-petaled, slightly fragrant, white flowers in drooping clusters that appear in early spring (April) before the leaves. It is one of the tallest Amelanchier species that may form into multiple trunks. But Rehders use of the name has priority. Add items to basket 2. The foliage of dark green, finely toothed, oval leaves, turns to brilliant shades of orange and red in the fall. The right time to plant Amelanchier lamarckii is during the dormancy period. The species gets its name from the French biologist and naturalist Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck, who first described the shrub in 1783. . Chris works with the Leeds Green Action Society, helping their food cooperative by growing various fruit and vegetables on their two allotments in Hyde Park, Leeds. Juneberry Amelanchier lamarckii. In mid-spring, abundant sprays of small, slightly fragrant, white flowers emerge as the leaves unfurl. Visit our nurseries with multi-stem trees, climbing trees, trees for avenues and parks characteristic trees and solitary shrubs. But in the USA, A. The fine branching pattern makes the silhouette stand out in winter. The plant remains attractive even after the leaves drop, thanks to its elegant growth habit and its light gray bark adorned with charcoal-gray striations. Calyx-tube glabrous; sepals hairy on the inside, slowly reflexing after flowering. Simon-Louis; A. canadensis grandiflora Zab., nom. In July the tree is studded with dark red berries which become purple-black as they ripen. grandiflora is considered to be the finest of the taller amelanchiers in flower. This tree likes well-drained soil as weve said; areas that are left soggy will most likely damage the roots and stunt growth, potentially even killing the tree if the issue is not rectified. That makes the species perfect for urban areas. Its young berrylike pome fruits are darkred when young, but become darkpurple when ripe. To create additional collections, you must be a paid member of our site. Attractive to bees and other pollinators, they are followed by abundant, edible, dark purple berries in summer. Aspects. Providing three seasons of interest, Amelanchier are small deciduous trees or shrubs with a profusion of showy white flowers early in spring. The Guardian. It typically grows 15 to 25 feet tall as a multi-trunked tree or in a shrub form. Sepals awl-shaped, hairy mostly on the inside and at the edge. A deciduous shrub, usually with many fairly steeply ascending stems from the base and of graceful, open habit, becoming more spreading when old; sometimes a small tree on a single trunk; winter-buds narrowly ovate, acute, red-tinged on the exposed side, except in shade. Join the RHS today and support our charitable work, Keep track of your plants with reminders & care tips all to help you grow successfully, RHS members get free access to RHS Gardens, Free entry to RHS members at selected times , Reduced prices on RHS Garden courses and workshops. It is probable that a good match could be found for A. lamarckii in American herbaria, but it would be impossible to tell from an herbarium specimen whether it represented a true-breeding microspecies or a chance hybrid of similar appearance. Allegheny Serviceberry is a deciduous tree or shrub in the rose family native to Eastern North America and the mountains of NC. the species is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing to 5 10 m (16 33 ft) tall. If youve bought a plant in a container, you can plant it out at any time, although October or November is preferable. New growth emerges as bronze-purple, turns glossy green in summer, and clear yellow to red fall color. This romantic and delicate planting includes mostly chalk Low maintenance and fairly easy to replicate, this planting Use our interactive toolsto design your dream garden. Often blooms before ith leaves appear except in the northernmost range. Juneberry, the blossom with benefits. TREE 3 x 3m (10 x 10ft) in 20 years, ultimate height 4.6m (15ft). To calculate the number of plants needed for a length of hedging, click on Planting Distance Calculator above. From this, Wiegand concluded that A. intermedia agreed with an amelanchier occurring in the mountains of the eastern USA from Vermont to North Carolina, which he considered to be intermediate between A. canadensis and A. laevis (Rhodora, Vol. Top of ovary glabrous. For more information on how we send your plants please visit our Helpful Guide on plant sizes. From being a shrub it grows to become a small tree. times. If you see any of the following symptoms, your juneberry may be infected: The way to control fireblight is the immediate removal and destruction of the infected areas. would be illegitimate, as this name had been applied by Lindley to the shrub now known as Exochorda racemosa. Amelanchier lamarckii (June berry) originated in the north-east of North America. In mid-spring, before the leaves appear, it produces masses of showy and slightly fragrant white flowers held in upright clusters. F: +49 (0) 2831 - 974 69 66 If you provide us with your name, email address and the payment of a modest $25 annual membership fee, you will become a full member, enabling you to design and save up to 25 of your garden design ideas. The large quantity of berries can create problems for paved areas. Perfect for small gardens, award-winning Early-flowering, Amelanchier arborea (Downy View All Our Amelanchier - Serviceberries. It is said to be of spreading habit, which is true of A. lamarckii only when the plant is very old. Plants, bulbs, corms, tubers, shrubs, trees, potatoes, etc. The berries are often used in jams, jellies, and pies if not eaten by the birds. Resembling the type, but the flowers purplish pink in bud and suffused pink when opening. Soil type: Well-drained/light, Clay/heavy, Chalky/alkaline, Moist It is certainly an old inhabitant of Surrey. Contact the editors at The bark and branches hav Amelanchier lamarckii is a deciduous Shrub growing to 6 m (19ft) by 4 m (13ft). 37 (3), pp. Retrieved March 9, 2023, from https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/mar/26/juneberry-the-blossom-with-benefits. Create spectacular spring borders like this one. grandiflora and A. lamarckii are identical. Cookies, This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google. A very beautiful, small, North American tree that is attractive in all seasons, even in winter when its spreading crown of fine shoots makes a satisfying, dense, shrubby shape. Popular in Europe, award-winning Amelanchier lamarckii (Juneberry) is a large upright deciduous shrub or small tree of open habit with rich bronze-red young leaves. Not sure which Amelanchier - Serviceberries to pick? Large items may incur a higher delivery charge - this will be displayed in your shopping basket. It takes from both parents the shape of its leaves, the flexuous inflorescences and the soon reflexed sepals. Canada: NB , NL , NS , ON , PE , QC. This is based on the average annual minimum temperature. Amelanchier lamarckii (Ray Wood, Castle Howard, North Yorkshire, April 2022). 1' (30cm) 1'-2' (30-60cm) 2'-3' (60-90cm) 3'-4' (90-120cm) . Noted for its largest flowers of all the Amelanchiers, Amelanchier ovalis (Snowy Mespilus) is an upright, medium to large-sized, deciduous shrub or small tree boasting a profusion of erect clusters of large, 1.5 in. Clay or loam soil is favourite for A. lamarckii, as well as a spot with plenty of space to allow the tree room to thrive. grandiflora was put into commerce under its present name after 1920, but had in fact been received at Kew in 1893 direct from Simon-Louis, as A. The species is a bit sensitive to mildew, which leads to slightly earlier autumn colours and leaf fall. grandiflora). March SW Surrey, 1893). Only plants will be removed from the collection. This allows us to combine various requests for pages on the website and analyse users behaviour, for example. Rubescens. Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day), Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day), Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours). wide, the persistent sepals erect to spreading (not reflexed). The height and spread of the plant delivered will vary depending on the season . The bark is smooth and slate-gray with white, longitudinal stripes. 2023 Boomkwekerij Ebben B.V. . When they emerge, the oval leaves have a deep bronze colour and turn dark green later. Description [ edit ] In spring the plant unfurls new leaves and produces star-shaped white flowers. Join now and start creating your dream garden! Subscribe now for UK gardening tips and savings! Not sure which Amelanchier - Serviceberries to pick?Compare All Amelanchier - Serviceberries. Call us at 1 315 4971058. Height Up to 12M Spread Up to 8M Bloom Time Spring / Summer / Autumn Soil Preferred Clay, loam or sand Moisture Moist but well-drained pH Acidic to neutral When you see this tree in spring bloom it's easy to see where the common name Snowy Mespilus comes from, as the white flowers are really a sight to behold. It was named and described by Harry van de Laar in 1980 (Dendroflora No. Petals five, white, oblanceolate to elliptic, mostly obtuse, about 58 in. 287419 (1972), a paper dealing also with two other amelanchiers naturalised in Europe). Older specimens form horizontally spreading branches. A seedling of A. arborea raised in the Durand-Eastman Park at Rochester, New York, before 1920. grandiflora and consequent mislabelling, no authentic mature plant of the latter has been seen, and the above account has perforce to be based on the original description and authentic herbarium specimens. Used by native Americans to make pemmican- a high energy cake made with the dried fruits, meat and fat for traveling. If you do decide to prune away areas, do so in late winter or early spring. Most are compact in habit and are therefore perfect trees for small gardens. Amelanchier lamarckii (Juneberry) Add to Collection. When should Amelanchier lamarckii trees be planted? It places little demands on the soil, prefers slightly calcareous soil that is not too wet. Add to Any Collection My . Diseases include leaf blight, fire blight, and powdery mildew. Obviously, if the infection spreads to the main trunk this can be difficult to achieve. Upright-stemmed shrub or small tree. A. lamarckii is most probably a microspecies of hybrid origin. Yes: growing your juneberry in a container will keep its maximum size down. Exposure: Full sun, Partial shade, Shade Deleting this collection CANNOT be undone. Published: Tuesday, 1 March, 2022 at 10:04 am We list our favourite amelanchier trees to grow, and show you how to grow them. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Edibles, Bulbs, and Houseplants" a plant identification course offered in partnership withLongwood Gardens. org/ articles/ amelanchier/ amelanchier-lamarckii/). Published: Tuesday, 30 August, 2022 at 4:15 pm Subscribe today. 15562 (1970), in English; Abhandl. Genus: Amelanchier Species: lamarckii Skill Level: Experienced Exposure: Full sun, Partial shade, Shade Hardiness: Hardy Soil type: Well-drained/light, Clay/heavy, Chalky/alkaline, Moist. Orders which include any other products will incur a delivery charge of 6.99. A. laevis, undoubtedly the other parent, grew nearby. Leaves slightly glossy, mostly broad-elliptic and 2 to 3 in. Image John Grimshaw. I am a huge fan of multi-stemmed Amelanchier lamarckii for small gardens, as there is something for every season, shares Colin Skelly, a Master Horticulturist with years of experience, including 5 years working at The Eden Project. The best autumn colour is achieved when grown in full sun, Propagate by seed and semi-hardwood cuttings, May be susceptible to fireblight and honey fungus. Amelanchier Lamarckii is available as: . Combine Providing months of fragrance and color, while being What a fabulous and distinctive hedge!

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