ac current measurement using pic microcontroller
The measured ranges between 0 and 100 volts minimum voltage of this circuit. Here we use the potential transformer to measure the voltage level of the ac line. ADC Calculation ADC module of PIC Microcontroller converts the Signals on its analog pin to 10 bit binary data and it has software selectable high and low voltage reference input to some combination of VDD, VSS, RA2 and RA3. This circuit is designed to measure 0 to 30V. This DIY AC wattmeter module used for single-phase power monitoring up to 1000V AC voltage and 100A current applications. Show individual phase voltage. This device is a voltmeter and is intended to measure either direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC). This effect is called as Hall-Effect. The system also includes a rectifier and amplifier circuit for signal conditioning. By Hari Krishnan. Measuring . June 17, 2020. TR = Np / Ns = Is / Ip Where, TR =Trans Ratio Np = Number of primary Turns Ns = Number of Secondary Turns The easiest way to detect mains electricity using a microcontroller is with the optocoupler (optoisolator). With few modifications on the code you can also use this circuit to measure up to 30A. This is the board that was used with the 16F1619 PIC microcontroller to measure the period and frequency. LED indication for individual phase voltage. Features of Three Phase AC Voltage Measurement using Arduino: Can measure AC voltage of any amplitude. 0. Hints: after that bridge rectifier converts step down ac into pulsating dc voltage. This could be a very small transformer as found in a discarded wall-wart power supply, etc. Very low active current ~ 150uA (typ). It is able to measure distances from 2cm to 400cm with an accuracy of about 3mm. So to design AC watt meter using pic microcontroller, you should know how to measure AC voltage, AC current and Power factor using pic microcontroller. Hello, I am new to microcontrollers and am making a project to read ac mains voltage using pic microcontroller (pic 16f72). ! It will be responsible for CLOSING / OPENING the load circuit, and separate low voltage from high voltage. The sensor chip is made by Allegro www.allegromicro.com. DC current is somehow straight forward. 0 . By Su Htet. If I measure AC voltage at this point it is about 0.137 V (AC) which I think is in line with theoretical value. Reading 220V DC requires a simple resistive attenuator, if it's AC you'll need to rectify it in some way as well. This module includes ultrasonic transmitter, ultrasonic receiver and its control circuit. I used the voltage divider and i can get the resistance values alsobut when i tired to find the low values like 1 ohm like means it cant showing the values. By Prasad Kharate. Select the compiler and path location for your project. . Schematic of the ACS712 Current Sensor Circuit (tested circuit diagram of the current sensor module) The internal resistance of this conductive path is 1.2 m typical, providing low power loss. Now you need to convert this 0-240 V AC to 0-5 V DC. In a purely resistive circuit, the voltage and current change direction at the same time (in-phase). In the above circuit, analog to digital converter IC data bits are connected to the PORT2. The power is single/three phase system cannot be measured without measuring the phase angle between voltage and current using a microcontroller, a boon of very large scale integrated technology. To measure current you measure the voltage drop across a small resistor, you'll probably need to amplify this using an opamp. Then rectify and integrate (filter) the voltage so that you have a DC voltage that is faithfully proportional to the mains voltage. With an ACS712, current measurements are reported with a voltage output. level of 5 volts and what will be the ratio of input ac and the input to the ADC of the pic ,for the calculation in pic code for display purpose. The AC voltmeter measured the RMS value while DC volt . After that bridge rectifier converts step down AC into pulsating dc voltage. The PIC microcontroller programming is performed through 'MP-Lab' software. How we can display current value on LCD. To use the ADC module, we will convert current into voltage form by using a .1 ohm shunt resistor across CT and we will measure this voltage drop across the shunt resistor. How to measure ac voltage using microcontroller input to circuit is 220 volt ac voltage. I too am trying to measure current with a PIC ( 18f2520) using a 0.100 Ohm current sense resistor. These type potential and current transformers are working with the concept of mutual inductance. Power measurements are made by measuring the RMS current and voltage and applying the formula P = VrmsArms. Digital AC-Ammeter can also be designed using the pic micro-controller. A hall . It allows you to send information between two galvanically separated circuits. The current measurement is carried out using current transformer. Proteus Schematic. they just add a 5M ohm resistor in series with RA0. output voltage must not be more than 4.5V even when Zener diode burnout. It is called an Actuator. The ADC of PIC is used for converting analog voltages into digital. PROGRAMMING OF PIC MICRO CONTROLLER FOR POWER FACTOR . To satisfy shelter of microcontroller, you will require to step down 220v AC whose peak value must be low than 5V. This is much easier than using an A/D. So let us get started!! Here 'PIC16f676' microcontroller is selected. Figure 3 - PIC Microcontroller 2.1.1 Voltmeter. The do-it-yourself module described here is a simple carrier for Allegro's 20A ACS712 linear current sensor. The voltage and current in an AC circuit periodically change direction (alternating current). As you know real power or active power is the product of voltage, current and power factor of load. I have tried measuring ac current using hall effect sensors too. To carry out the design consideration and production of a useful consumer product of PIC microcontroller. Microcontroller measure resistance in circuit. The speed variation can be in large range (i.e, 1024 different speeds). The results, shown here, indicate that the ADC count very closely matches the curve of the actual IREF current. The design also features a low power consumption of 25 mW for a gain stage of 200 as compared to a discrete solution. AC voltage measurement using PIC microcontroller, also with difference amplifier, ADC, potential transformre/PT with code for voltage sensor M Microcontrollers Lab microcontrollers project Ansi C Read Only Memory While Loop Notes Project Analog Signal Programming Code Writing Programs Other than this . The common way of monitoring mains voltage is to FIRST ISOLATE the voltage with a transformer. Microcontrollers Lab 10.1K subscribers http://microcontrollerslab.com/altern. The PIC microcontroller has 10bit resolution ADC, which is used to convert the POT's analog signal into digital. 512 * 5000 is 2560000 Dividing by 1024 gives 2500. ACS712 is a Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor it can measure both DC (Direct Current) and AC (Alternating Current). for a 2.5V input voltage the ADC will read 512. In this project we are going to make our own Digital Ammeter using PIC16F877A Microcontroller and current sensor ACS712-5A. Because microcontroller can not evaluate voltage larger than 5V. You may download code and Proteus Simulation from the download section at the bottom of this post. I think the PIC will have a hard time distinguishing between 1 mV and noise. Fig 4. ! This projects measures the alternating current with the help of pic microcontroller and a shunt resistor. True RMS Measurement Using PIC Microcontrollers Measuring the voltage (V) of a Direct Current (DC) source is usually not a problem; just measure the instantaneous value at any given moment and that would be all you need. With R8 = 20 Ohm and at rated primary current of 20A, the voltage drop across R8 is: V = 20 x 10mA = 200mV AC. ATmega microcontroller is used in processing signal and for . http://microcontrollerslab.com/digital-watt-meter-using-pic-microcontroller/watt meter using pic microcontroller how to measure ac watts using microcontrolle. Current measurement is also used in micro-controller based projects for over & under current protection in circuits. It makes sense now. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor is a popular and low cost solution for non-contact distance measurement function. In this project I have explained how to measure AC current using difference amplifier and pic microcontroller. Calculation. Four single ended, or two differential inputs. ADC0804. This is a digital . IP+ & IP-. The Arduino microcontroller ADC can't read voltages lower than 0 (negative voltages) and we need to shift the AC signal to the positive side, this can be done by adding a DC offset to the AC signal. So you need a rectifier. 0. Writing the Code Now that the microcontroller is powered and hooked up the code needs to be loaded to . Title: Ac Voltage Measurement Using Pic Microcontroller Author: donner.medair.org-2022-08-28T00:00:00+00:01 Subject: Ac Voltage Measurement Using Pic Microcontroller This system is to measure AC/DC voltage, current, diodes, temperature, connectivity, frequency and resistance using PIC microcontroller. LCD data pins are connected to the POTR3 of controller and control pins RS and EN are connected to the P1.6 and P1.7 respectively. In case of very low current, small . Where: cos (phi) - the power factor. The analog input to PIC is limited to VSS and VDD voltages (0 - 5V) of PIC. Integrated crystal oscillator frequency 10 MHz microprocessor. Current drawn by microcontroller. The module's operation consists of reading data of a 24-bit timer/counter and . You can easily interface this module to any microcontroller like Arduino, STM32, PIC, AVR etc. The circuit I have designed on Proteus using differential amplifier that converts 220 Volts to 2.5 volts (0-5 volts range) taking 40 samples of the peak voltage. lng = (ADC_ip * 5000L) >> 10; Scales the ADC input value to 5000 and then divides by 1024. CT has a current range of 0 to 25 A that is useful for single . Digital-Ammeter circuit project has many applications in electronics & power electronics projects. In direct current ( DC, also dc ), the flow of electric charge is only in one direction. It has an internal calibrated reference for high . I want to measure the AC line voltages 220V using pin RA5 of Pic16F877A, and display it on LCD Screen. Here shunt resistor is used as a transducers which converts current into voltage, as microcontroller cannot read current directly. measure current. I need to measure 220 V and currents around 13 Amperes using PIC micro-controller. . AC Alternating current measurement using pic16f877a microcontroller. Measuring DC current with Hall Effect sensor over PIC on the same circuit. Whereas VCC in this case is common point of Diode and Capacitor (Peak detector output). Connect the sensor in series to the system whose current you want to measure. In this project we are going to make our own Digital Ammeter using PIC16F877A Microcontroller and current sensor ACS712-5A. How to measure ac voltage using microcontroller Input to circuit is 220 volt AC voltage. Figure 7: Voltage Measurement Circuit As you see in the figure, a diode is present to rectify the voltage and the capacitor will remove the ripples. The probe is a piece of RG-174 with about 2 inches of shield removed. PARTS OF CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Power supply Atmega328/168 microcontroller Current measurement Voltage measurement Relay 12. Compiled for PIC16F877A. . Fig. By placing a wire inside the window of the current transformer, we can form a single loop and the turns ratio becomes 1:N. Like any other transformer, a current transformer must satisfy the amp-turn ratio equation which is shown below. Implementation of Power Factor Measurement Using Microcontroller. 6. here is the steps of PIC Microcontroller Programming first open the pic ccs s compiler software select the project options and set the project options and save Select a microcontroller for your project. We will measure the all 3 phases of voltage by first converting it into DC then fed it to the microcontroller Atmega8 which is from the family of Atmel AVR microcontrollers. VO= (10k/ (10k + 590k))*VCC. This shows that this technique can be used in a real-world application to effectively and quickly measure the current from a current source by simply using the device's ADC, using no external components. The whole process of the digital multi-meter is controlled by PIC 16F887 microcontroller. kindly tell me how should i get the voltage sample form 220V AC line feed it into the ADC of . Measurement and Simulation of Power Factor using PIC16F877 . The paper represents an accurate and economic low range (up to 5 A) ac current sensing scheme using high precision ACS712 hall-sensor. To measure AC voltage, you require to step down this voltage. This post would provide a working example of how to make a simple Current Meter (DCM) using 16bit PIC microcontroller and a series shunt resistance. On the primary side, is HIGH voltage: 120/230 AC, and on the secondary LOW voltage, e.g., 3.3 or 5 V. Connect VAC to the input via a resistor/s with a total . There are many methods available on internet for measurement of AC current, but there is no method which used difference amplifier and a shunt resistor to measure currents in the range of 10A. The way I do it is to use an insolated probe for each phase. And I am telling it is not as simple as it seems. This DIY AC wattmeter is designed for the effective measurement of. voltage divider further divides the voltage into two parts. So let us get started!! The output is a number between 0 and 5000. e.g. Here shunt resistor of 0.05 ohm is used in series to load. What is AC (Alternating Current): "In alternating current ( AC, also ac ), the flow of electric charge periodically reverses direction. Resisitor R3 and R4 acts a level shitfer so that the AC signal zero level is shifted to mid voltage level of the DC 3.3V. Making a Hall effect sensor into a PCB. This difference signal can then be timed by a microcontroller and converted to power factor using the following calculation (make sure your scientific calculator is in degrees not radians): cos (phi) = f * dt * 360. Difference amplifier method is used to measure ac current Potential transformer step downs 220 volt AC voltage in 12 volt AC. 1. A probe is taped to each phase of the power to be monitored. For measuremnt of ac current you have to meausre. If you offer voltage above 5V to microcontroller, it will get harm forever. This project shows how to simply measure AC current using an Arduino uno board and 50/5 current transformer with Ture RMS calculations. POWER SUPPLY Whole circuitry work on +5v, 12v & -12v DC power supply of 230v AC is applied to the transformer. ( 3A of primary current gives 3000/2500 = 1.2 mA, so the voltage is 1.2 mA x burden R = 1.2 x 120 = 0.144 V ) I am not sure , why I do not get any variation in the DC voltage at the ADC input or what I see is expected. Has a real resolution of 15bits (the MSB bit is the sign bit). This project can measure both AC and DC current with a range of 0-30A with an accuracy of 0.3A. So, we will calculate the RMS volts and apply the ACS712 scale factor. It is available in 8 pin dip package and can measure both AC and DC RMS values of voltage and . The other ends are connected to the pins of a PIC. Conversion for a sine wave with a zero volt offset (like your mains or line power) is performed as follows 1) Find the peak to peak voltage (Volts Peak to Peak) PIC Microcontroller based Solar Photovoltaic Power Measuring This project uses a solar panel, that keeps monitoring the sunlight. To measure ac current with a pic microcontroller, we have to use the ADC module of PIC microcontroller. Jul 17, 2018 - AC voltage measurement using PIC microcontroller, also with difference amplifier, ADC, potential transformre/PT with code for voltage sensor I want to measure current as small as 10 mA (from a small solar panel), which would give a voltage of (0.1 Ohm * 0.010 A) 1 mV. DC current will just need to convert analog input which is equivalent to 0-5V voltage range and then convert into relative current value. A completely different story is when you try to do the same measurement in an Alternating Current (AC). This project can measure both AC and DC current with a range of 0-30A with an accuracy of 0.3A. In this project, various parameters of the solar panel like current, voltage, temperature or light intensity are monitored using a PIC microcontroller of the family PIC16F8. AC Current Measurement using PIC Microcontroller The PIC microcontroller can be used for measuring AC current with the help of difference amplifier, shunt resistor, and analog to digital converter. #5 qb Most simple electronic circuits use dc power but meters can measure ac too. For the protection of the control board (Arduino Board), a variable resistor is used i.e. Figure 1. PIC microcontroller and 40M000 clock is shown below. i also studied the mikrochip application note AN521 bu't cant get any specifice solution. dt - delta t or time difference between the waves. In the following figure 2. ADC Count vs. IREF current. I am using this below circuit to measure AC voltage using a pic microcontroller PIC32MX330F064H. Output of shunt resistor is fed to difference amplifier. So using the fixed decimal point between the 2 and the 5 gives the final result displaying "2.500". f - The frequency of the measured supply. PIC16F877A microcontroller is used. Microcontroller (like Arduino, ESP8266, STM or PIC) is responsible only for controlling this . Digital Voltmeter Circuit Design using 8051 Microcontroller. AC current meter using PIC16F877A This project consists of measuring alternating current with current transformer and difference amplifier. Pin out and Pin description of the chip is below. To measure this current with pic microcontroller,we have to use ADC module of PIC microcontroller.To use ADC module we will convert current into voltage form by using a .1 ohm shunt resistor across CT and we will measure this voltage drop across shunt resistor.Then this voltage drop can be easily converted into current again.For example when measuring voltage between two points in an electrical or electronic circuit a certain device must be used. An animation shows how the change in AC voltage is measured and displayed by PIC microcontroller. Voltage divider further divides the voltage into two parts. Now formula is. First instal the MP-Lab software, then select and install the compiler like CCS, GCC compiler . We have very precise ammeter current measurement with a 10bit ADC and with a tolerance of 10mA. This reference design demonstrates high-accuracy, wide-range AC current measurement for a three-phase motor using the zero-drift architecture of the INA199. Robot LCD panels for use in projects or automation projects using a pic microcontroller, you can control your computer's serial or parallel port or. The ADS1115 is a precise 16bit ADC with four multiplexed inputs - You can use each input on its own, or in pairs for differential measurements. The higher the resistance the lower the current flow. A 1602 LCD connected to the Arduino board is used to display current values, the Arduino also sends the same values to the Laptop which can be viewed using serial monitor. Shunt resistors are used as transducers for converting current into voltage as microcontrollers directly can not read current. Minimum PWM fre- quency is 1kHz and 20 kHz is applied to between the ranges. Again, for AC, you will need to rectify it. Fig.1:- Automatic power factor correction and monitoring by using PIC Microcontroller Potential transformer:- It is used to step down or step up the ac voltage levels. CT can detect and measure AC current in machines and other AC appliances to monitor the current consumption and thus the health of machine or AC appliance. The integrated high-precision kindly help me with circuit diagram and code.
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